DATA COURSE.

true false not given
THE DOVER BRONZE-AGE BOAT
A BEAUTIFULLY PRESERVED BOAT, MADE AROUND 3,000 YEARS AGO AND DISCOVERED BY CHANCE IN A
MUDDY HOLE, HAS HAD A PROFOUND IMPACT ON ARCHAEOLOGICAL RESEARCH.
IT WAS 1992. IN ENGLAND, WORKMEN WERE BUILDING A NEW ROAD THROUGH THE HEART OF DOVER, TO
CONNECT THE ANCIENT PORT AND THE CHANNEL TUNNEL, WHICH, WHEN IT OPENED JUST TWO YEARS
LATER, WAS TO BE THE FIRST LAND LINK BETWEEN BRITAIN AND EUROPE FOR OVER 10,000 YEARS. A SMALL
TEAM FROM THE CANTERBURY ARCHAEOLOGICAL TRUST (CAT) WORKED ALONGSIDE THE WORKMEN,
RECORDING NEW DISCOVERIES BOUGHT TO LIGHT BY THE MACHINES.
AT THE BASE OF THE DEEP SHAFT SIX METERS BELOW THE MODERN STREETS, A WOODEN STRUCTURE WAS
REVEALED. CLEANING AWAY THE WATERLOGGED SITE OVERLYING THE TIMBERS, ARCHAEOLOGISTS REALIZED
ITS TRUE NATURE. THEY HAD FOUND A PREHISTORIC BOAT, PRESERVED BY THE TYPE OF SEDIMENT IN
WHICH IT WAS BURIED. IT WAS THEN NAMED BY DOVER BRONZE- AGE BOAT.
ABOUT NINE METERS OF THE BOAT’S LENGTH WAS RECOVERED; ONE END LAY BEYOND THE EXCAVATION
AND HAD TO BE LEFT. WHAT SURVIVED CONSISTED ESSENTIALLY OF FOUR INTRICATELY CARVED OAK PLANKS:
TWO ON THE BOTTOM, JOINED ALONG A CENTRAL SEAM BY A COMPLICATED SYSTEM OF WEDGES AND
STITCHED TO THE OTHERS. THE SEAMS HAD BEEN MADE WATERTIGHT BY PADS OF MOSS, FIXED BY
WEDGES AND YEW STITCHES.
THE TIMBERS THAT CLOSED THE RECOVERED END OF THE BOAT HAD BEEN REMOVED IN ANTIQUITY WHEN
IT WAS ABANDONED, BUT MUCH ABOUT ITS ORIGINAL SHAPE COULD BE DEDUCED. THERE WAS ALSO
EVIDENCE FOR MISSING UPPER SIDE PLANKS. THE BOAT WAS NOT A WRECK, BUT HAD BEEN DELIBERATELY
DISCARDED, DISMANTLED AND BROKEN. PERHAPS IT HAD BEEN “RITUALLY KILLED” AT THE END OF ITS LIFE,
LIKE OTHER BRONZE-AGE OBJECTS.
WITH HINDSIGHT, IT WAS SIGNIFICANT THAT THE BOAT WAS FOUND AND STUDIED BY MAINSTREAM
ARCHAEOLOGISTS WHO NATURALLY FOCUSED ON ITS CULTURAL CONTEXT. AT THE TIME, ANCIENT BOATS WERE
OFTEN CONSIDERED ONLY FROM A NARROWER TECHNOLOGICAL PERSPECTIVE, BUT NEWS ABOUT THE DOVER
BOAT REACHED A BROAD AUDIENCE. IN 2002, ON THE TENTH ANNIVERSARY OF THE DISCOVERY, THE
DOVER BRONZE-AGE BOAT TRUST HOSTED A CONFERENCE, WHERE THIS MEETING OF DIFFERENT
TRADITIONS BECAME APPARENT. ALONGSIDE TECHNICAL PAPERS ABOUT THE BOAT, OTHER SPEAKERS
EXPLORED ITS SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC CONTEXTS, AND THE RELIGIOUS PERCEPTIONS OF BOATS IN BRONZE-
AGE SOCIETIES. MANY SPEAKERS CAME FROM OVERSEAS, AND DEBATE ABOUT CULTURAL CONNECTIONS
WAS RENEWED.
WITHIN SEVEN YEARS OF EXCAVATION, THE DOVER BOAT HAD BEEN CONSERVED AND DISPLAYED, BUT IT
WAS APPARENT THAT THERE WERE ISSUES THAT COULD NOT BE RESOLVED SIMPLY BY STUDYING THE OLD
WOOD. EXPERIMENTAL ARCHAEOLOGY SEEMED TO BE THE SOLUTION: A BOAT RECONSTRUCTION, HALF-
SCALE OR FULL-SIZED, WOULD PERMIT ASSESSMENT OF THE DIFFERENT HYPOTHESES REGARDING ITS BUILD
AND THE MISSING END. THE POSSIBILITY OF RETURNING TO DOVER TO SEARCH FOR A BOAT’S UNEXCAVATED
NORTHERN END WAS EXPLORED, BUT PRACTICAL AND FINANCIAL DIFFICULTIES WERE INSURMOUNTABLE- AND
THERE WAS NO GUARANTEE THAT THE TIMBERS HAD SURVIVED THE PREVIOUS DECADE IN THE CHANGED
ENVIRONMENT.
DETAILED PROPOSALS TO RECONSTRUCT THE BOAT WERE DRAWN UP IN 2004. ARCHAEOLOGICAL EVIDENCE
WAS BEGINNING TO SUGGEST A BRONZE- AGE COMMUNITY STRADDLING THE CHANNEL, BROUGHT
TOGETHER BY THE SEA, RATHER THAN SEPARATED BY IT. IN A REGION TODAY DIVIDED BY LANGUAGES AND
BORDERS, ARCHAEOLOGISTS HAD A DUTY TO INFORM THE GENERAL PUBLIC ABOUT THEIR COMMON CULTURAL
HERITAGE.
THE BOAT PROJECT BEGAN IN ENGLAND BUT IT WAS CONCEIVED FROM THE START AS A EUROPEAN
COLLABORATION. RECONSTRUCTION WAS ONLY PART OF A SCHEME THAT WOULD INCLUDE A MAJOR
EXHIBITION AND AN EXTENSIVE EDUCATIONAL AND OUTREACH PROGRAMME. DISCUSSIONS BEGAN EARLY
IN 2005 WITH ARCHAEOLOGICAL BODIES, UNIVERSITIES AND HERITAGE ORGANIZATIONS EITHER SIDE OF THE
CHANNEL. THERE WAS MUCH ENTHUSIASM AND SUPPORT, AND AN OFFICIAL LAUNCH OF THE PROJECT WAS
HELD AT AN INTERNATIONAL SEMINAR IN FRANCE IN 2007. FINANCIAL SUPPORT WAS CONFIRMED IN 2008
AND THE PROJECT THEN NAMED BOAT 1550BC GOT UNDER WAY IN JUNE 2011.
A SMALL TEAM BEGAN TO MAKE THE BOAT AT THE START OF 2012 ON THE ROMAN LAWN OUTSIDE DOVER
MUSEUM. A FULL- SCALE RECONSTRUCTION OF A MID-SECTION HAD BEEN MADE IN 1996, PRIMARILY TO
SEE HOW BRONZE- AGE REPLICA TOOLS PERFORMED. IN 2012, HOWEVER, THE HULL SHAPE WAS AT THE
CENTRE OF THE WORK, SO MODERN POWER TOOLS WERE USED TO CARVE THE OAK PLANKS, BEFORE
TURNING TO PREHISTORIC TOOLS FOR FINISHING. IT WAS DECIDED TO MAKE THE REPLICA HAFT-SCALE FOR
REASONS OF COST AND TIME, ANY SYNTHETIC MATERIALS WERE USED FOR THE STITCHING, OWING TO
DOUBTS ABOUT THE SCALING AND TIGHT TIMETABLE.
MEANWHILE, THE EXHIBITION WAS BEING PREPARED READY FOR OPENING IN JULY 2012 AT THE CASTLE
MUSEUM IN BOULOGNE-SUR-MER. ENTITLED ‘BEYOND THE HORIZON: SOCIETIES OF THE CHANNEL &
NORTH SEA 3,500 YEARS AGO’ IT BROUGHT TOGETHER FOR THE FIRST TIME A REMARKABLE COLLECTION OF
BRONZE- AGE OBJECTS, INCLUDING MANY NEW DISCOVERIES FOR COMMERCIAL ARCHAEOLOGY AND SOME
OF THE GREAT TREASURE OF THE PAST. THE RECONSTRUCTED BOAT, AS A SYMBOL OF THE MARITIME
CONNECTIONS THAT BOUND TOGETHER THE COMMUNITIES EITHER SIDE OF THE CHANNEL, WAS THE
CENTREPIECE.
QUESTIONS 6-9
DO THE FOLLOWING STATEMENTS AGREE WITH THE INFORMATION GIVEN IN THE TEXT?
IN BOXES 6-9 ON YOUR ANSWER SHEET, WRITE
TRUE IF THE STATEMENT AGREES WITH THE INFORMATION
FALSE IF THE STATEMENT CONTRADICTS THE INFORMATION
NOT GIVEN IF THERE IS NO INFORMATION ON THIS
6. ARCHAEOLOGISTS REALIZED THAT THE BOAT HAD BEEN DAMAGED ON PURPOSE.
7. INITIALLY, ONLY THE TECHNOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF THE BOAT WERE EXAMINED.
8. ARCHAEOLOGISTS WENT BACK TO THE SITE TO TRY AND FIND THE MISSING NORTHERN.
9. EVIDENCE FOUND IN 2004 SUGGESTED THAT THE BRONZE-AGE BOAT HAD BEEN USED FOR TRADE.